{"id":42420,"date":"2026-06-05T07:45:31","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T07:45:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/?p=42420"},"modified":"2026-06-05T07:45:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T07:45:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d8%b9%d9%82%d8%af-%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%8b-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d9%84-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/?p=42420","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0650\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\/ \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0623\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623.\u0645. \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0639\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a: \u0643\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a: \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u064f\u0646\u064a\u0637\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\/ \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0623\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623.\u0645. \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0639\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":42428,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,4,10,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-activity","category-news","category-media","category-ads"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42420"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42429,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42420\/revisions\/42429"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/42428"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}