{"id":37258,"date":"2026-01-10T17:53:18","date_gmt":"2026-01-10T17:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/?p=37258"},"modified":"2026-01-10T17:54:01","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T17:54:01","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/?p=37258","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 ( \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 )"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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– \u0623. \u0645. \u062f. \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u0645.\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u0645. \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u0645.\u0645. \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 (3Rs)\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 …<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0625\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \/ \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 : – \u0623. \u0645. \u062f. \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 – \u0645.\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 – \u0645. \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 – \u0645.\u0645. \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":37261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,4,14,16,39,56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-activity","category-news","category-14","category-ads","category-39","category-56"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37258"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37263,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37258\/revisions\/37263"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/37261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iku.atu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}